- www.joseeloyhortal.com
- Government, Spanish Monarchy, Flanders, Court history, History, Philosophy, and 29 moreHistory of International Relations, Diplomatic History, Habsburg Studies, Seventeenth Century, Military Orders, Habsburg, History of the Spanish-Habsburg Netherlands, Order of the Golden Fleece, International Relations, Architecture, Art History, Military History, Early Modern History, Renaissance Studies, Political History, Spanish History, Elites, Early Modern Europe, 15th Century Burgundy, Court Studies, Aristocracy, Courts and Elites (History), European Royal Households, Courts, History of the Low Countries, Ceremonial and Symbolic Representations of Sovereignty In Early Modern Europe, Monarquía Hispánica, Early Modern Intellectual History and the History of Ideas, and Early modern Spainedit
- José Eloy Hortal Muñoz (Madrid, 1974), was graduated in Early Modern and Modern History (1997) and History of Art (19... moreJosé Eloy Hortal Muñoz (Madrid, 1974), was graduated in Early Modern and Modern History (1997) and History of Art (1999) at the UAM. After one year of Ph´D studies at the Rijkuniversiteit Groningen (Netherlands), he defended his Ph´D, El manejo de los asuntos de Flandes, 1585-1598, in early modern history at the UAM in september 2004 with the highest mark. He also obtained a master degree in Archivistic at the UNED.
His main research interests are the political history of the Netherlands at the XVIth century, the Courts of Brussels and Madrid at that century and the royal guards of the Spanish Habsburgs.
He has realized numerous academic visits (both teaching and research) in Belgium, the Netherlands, USA, England, Portugal, Vaticano, France and Switzerland, and participated in some international congresses in England, Belgium, Italy, France, USA, Germany, Sweden and Spain and research projects at the UAM, URJC and UGent.
He works as professor and researcher at the URJC since september 2009, where he is adviser of innovational education of the online studies, and is Reference Researcher at the Instituto Universitario “La Corte en Europa” (IULCE, UAM), being as well associate professor at the Escuela Universitaria de Artes y Espectáculos TAI in the years 2012-2013.edit
Las Capillas Reales, fundamentales en las monarquías de la Edad Moderna, tenían como objetivo principal atender las necesidades litúrgicas del rey y, por extensión, de la familia real y de los residentes en la corte. Del mismo modo, eran... more
Las Capillas Reales, fundamentales en las monarquías de la Edad Moderna, tenían como objetivo principal atender las necesidades litúrgicas del rey y, por extensión, de la familia real y de los residentes en la corte. Del mismo modo, eran las encargadas de propagar y supervisar la espiritualidad apoyada por los soberanos a todos los rincones de su reino. Tal espiritualidad era un aspecto esencial para la justificación del poder, la preeminencia de las instituciones, tanto eclesiásticas como temporales y, en el caso de la Monarquía Hispana, para sus relaciones con la Santa Sede. La conocida durante el siglo XVII como “Monarquía Católica” era un poder global que buscaba hacer visible la autoridad regia en todos sus territorios, para lo que necesitaba difundir una espiritualidad adecuada a sus intereses.
El presente volumen pone a la luz el ceremonial que el portugués Manuel Ribeiro, maestro de ceremonias de Felipe IV, elaboró durante dos décadas por encargo de los monarcas hispanos, en lo que constituye una fuente de primer orden para el conocimiento de la corte madrileña del siglo XVII. El manuscrito se acompaña de un riguroso estudio introductorio y de unos índices que ayudan a su consulta.
El presente volumen pone a la luz el ceremonial que el portugués Manuel Ribeiro, maestro de ceremonias de Felipe IV, elaboró durante dos décadas por encargo de los monarcas hispanos, en lo que constituye una fuente de primer orden para el conocimiento de la corte madrileña del siglo XVII. El manuscrito se acompaña de un riguroso estudio introductorio y de unos índices que ayudan a su consulta.
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En la Edad Moderna la sociedad se organizaba social y politicamente a través de la Corte. Ésta era contemplada como una comunidad moral y política, cuyo fundamento filosófico era el conjunto de las disciplinas ética, oeconomica... more
En la Edad Moderna la sociedad se organizaba social y politicamente a través de la Corte. Ésta era contemplada como una comunidad moral y política, cuyo fundamento filosófico era el conjunto de las disciplinas ética, oeconomica (proveniente de oikos o casa en griego) y política heredado de la Antigüedad clásica; por lo tanto, había una continuidad entre los ámbitos doméstico y político.
Es desde este punto de vista de la Corte desde el que contemplamos en este libro las ideas políticas y sociales de la Edad Moderna, con un lenguaje dirigido tanto a estudiantes como profesionales y amantes de la Historia y de otras disciplinas cercanas. Para ello, comenzamos con una explicación de la organización política de la Corte (compuesta por Casa Real, Tribunales y Consejos, Cortesanos y Sitios Reales), para abordar en los capítulos siguientes el debate sobre las ideas políticas y sociales que legitimaron el gobierno cortesano, como fueron la oeconomica, la libertad política, la virtud y la educación.
Es desde este punto de vista de la Corte desde el que contemplamos en este libro las ideas políticas y sociales de la Edad Moderna, con un lenguaje dirigido tanto a estudiantes como profesionales y amantes de la Historia y de otras disciplinas cercanas. Para ello, comenzamos con una explicación de la organización política de la Corte (compuesta por Casa Real, Tribunales y Consejos, Cortesanos y Sitios Reales), para abordar en los capítulos siguientes el debate sobre las ideas políticas y sociales que legitimaron el gobierno cortesano, como fueron la oeconomica, la libertad política, la virtud y la educación.
Research Interests:
Los profesores de la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, José Eloy Hortal Muñoz y Gijs Versteegen, miembros del Instituto Universitario “La Corte en Europa”, acaban de publicar esta obra que reflexiona sobre la organización y gobierno... more
Los profesores de la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, José Eloy Hortal Muñoz y Gijs Versteegen, miembros del Instituto Universitario “La Corte en Europa”, acaban de publicar esta obra que reflexiona sobre la organización y gobierno cortesanos.
En la Edad Moderna la sociedad se organizaba social y políticamente a través de la corte. Esta era contemplada como una comunidad moral y política, cuyo fundamento filosófico era el conjunto de las disciplinas ética, oeconomica –del griego oikos, ‘casa’– y política, heredado de la Antigüedad clásica, existiendo una continuidad entre los ámbitos doméstico y político. Es desde este punto de vista desde el que se analizan las ideas políticas y sociales de la Edad Moderna, con un lenguaje dirigido tanto a estudiantes y profesionales como a amantes de la historia y de otras disciplinas cercanas. Para ello, se explica la organización política de la corte, compuesta por casa real, tribunales y consejos, cortesanos y sitios reales, para abordar en los capítulos siguientes el debate sobre las ideas políticas y sociales que legitimaron el gobierno cortesano, como fueron la oeconomica, la libertad política, la virtud y la educación.
En la Edad Moderna la sociedad se organizaba social y políticamente a través de la corte. Esta era contemplada como una comunidad moral y política, cuyo fundamento filosófico era el conjunto de las disciplinas ética, oeconomica –del griego oikos, ‘casa’– y política, heredado de la Antigüedad clásica, existiendo una continuidad entre los ámbitos doméstico y político. Es desde este punto de vista desde el que se analizan las ideas políticas y sociales de la Edad Moderna, con un lenguaje dirigido tanto a estudiantes y profesionales como a amantes de la historia y de otras disciplinas cercanas. Para ello, se explica la organización política de la corte, compuesta por casa real, tribunales y consejos, cortesanos y sitios reales, para abordar en los capítulos siguientes el debate sobre las ideas políticas y sociales que legitimaron el gobierno cortesano, como fueron la oeconomica, la libertad política, la virtud y la educación.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Publisher: Editorial Académica Española
Publication Date: 2011
Publication Date: 2011
Research Interests:
Resumen Los Países Bajos, tras su incorporación a la Monarquía Hispana, fueron regidos por gobernadores generales que establecieron sus propias Casas en Bruselas. Sin embargo, esta situación comenzó a cambiar a mediados del siglo XVII,... more
Resumen
Los Países Bajos, tras su incorporación a la Monarquía Hispana, fueron
regidos por gobernadores generales que establecieron sus propias Casas en Bruselas. Sin embargo, esta situación comenzó a cambiar a mediados del siglo XVII, cuando se empezó a hablar en los nombramientos de que los diversos criados ya no pertenecían directamente a la Casa de tal o cual gobernador, si no a la Maison Royale de Bruxelles. Esto suponía un notable cambio, pues podemos inferir que, desde éste momento, la Casa Real de Bruselas no pertenecía a los personas sino al territorio.
La existencia de esta nueva Casa, por otro lado la única que se creó en
Europa en todo el siglo XVII, requería de una justificación teórica. Hay que recordar igualmente, que durante el reinado de Felipe IV (1621-1665) se llevó a cabo en Madrid una codificación exhaustiva de las Etiquetas tocantes a la Casa Real, implicándose también el resto de Cortes de la Monarquía en el proceso, como fue el caso de Bruselas.
Es en éste contexto donde debemos situar los manuscritos de Francisco
Alonso Lozano que aquí presentamos. El autor, entre 1692 y 1712 redactó dos libros; en el primero, titulado Plan ou Estat de la maison royale dans ces estats de flandres, se detallaban las funciones de cada oficio de esa nueva Casa Real. Mientras, el segundo, Notice de toutes les emplois de la cour et de la chapelle royale de Bruxelles, indicaba el número de criados que había y los gajes y raciones que recibían.
Sin duda, consideramos que la edición de estos manuscritos representa
una fuente de primer orden para el conocimiento de la Corte de Bruselas
durante el siglo XVII, comparable a lo que representan las Etiquetas Generales de Palacio que se realizaron en Madrid a mediados de dicho siglo.
Abstract
Following their incorporation into the Spanish monarchy, the Habsburg
Netherlands were ruled by governors-general, who established their own
Households in Brussels. However, this situation began to change in the mid-seventeenth century, as evidenced by the letters of appointment of various courtiers, who were no longer identified as members of this or that governor’s household, but rather as part of la Maison Royale de Bruxelles. We can infer, therefore, that from this moment onwards, the royal household in Brussels belonged to the territory rather than to particular people.
Naturally, a theoretical justification was required to support the existence of this new household, by the way, the only one that was created in whole Europe at the seventeenth century. At the same time, it should also be remembered that during the reign of Felipe IV (1621-1665), the Etiquettes concerning the royal household were thoroughly codified in Madrid, so that the other Courts in the Monarchy could not have been oblivious to this development and became involved in the process, as was the case of Brussels.
It is in this context where we must situate the ellaboration of the manuscripts of Francisco Alonso Lozano that we present here. Between 1692 and 1712, he wrote two books: the first was called Plan ou Estat de la maison royale dans ces estats de flandres, in which he detailed the functions of each office, while the second, Notice de toutes les emplois de la cour et de la chapelle royale de Bruxelles, indicated the number of servants and the stipends and bouche of court that they received.
No doubt, we guess that these two manuscripts represents an invaluable
source to the knowledge of the seventeenth-century Court of Brussels,
comparable to what represent the Etiquetas Generales de Palacio for the
Court of Madrid.
Los Países Bajos, tras su incorporación a la Monarquía Hispana, fueron
regidos por gobernadores generales que establecieron sus propias Casas en Bruselas. Sin embargo, esta situación comenzó a cambiar a mediados del siglo XVII, cuando se empezó a hablar en los nombramientos de que los diversos criados ya no pertenecían directamente a la Casa de tal o cual gobernador, si no a la Maison Royale de Bruxelles. Esto suponía un notable cambio, pues podemos inferir que, desde éste momento, la Casa Real de Bruselas no pertenecía a los personas sino al territorio.
La existencia de esta nueva Casa, por otro lado la única que se creó en
Europa en todo el siglo XVII, requería de una justificación teórica. Hay que recordar igualmente, que durante el reinado de Felipe IV (1621-1665) se llevó a cabo en Madrid una codificación exhaustiva de las Etiquetas tocantes a la Casa Real, implicándose también el resto de Cortes de la Monarquía en el proceso, como fue el caso de Bruselas.
Es en éste contexto donde debemos situar los manuscritos de Francisco
Alonso Lozano que aquí presentamos. El autor, entre 1692 y 1712 redactó dos libros; en el primero, titulado Plan ou Estat de la maison royale dans ces estats de flandres, se detallaban las funciones de cada oficio de esa nueva Casa Real. Mientras, el segundo, Notice de toutes les emplois de la cour et de la chapelle royale de Bruxelles, indicaba el número de criados que había y los gajes y raciones que recibían.
Sin duda, consideramos que la edición de estos manuscritos representa
una fuente de primer orden para el conocimiento de la Corte de Bruselas
durante el siglo XVII, comparable a lo que representan las Etiquetas Generales de Palacio que se realizaron en Madrid a mediados de dicho siglo.
Abstract
Following their incorporation into the Spanish monarchy, the Habsburg
Netherlands were ruled by governors-general, who established their own
Households in Brussels. However, this situation began to change in the mid-seventeenth century, as evidenced by the letters of appointment of various courtiers, who were no longer identified as members of this or that governor’s household, but rather as part of la Maison Royale de Bruxelles. We can infer, therefore, that from this moment onwards, the royal household in Brussels belonged to the territory rather than to particular people.
Naturally, a theoretical justification was required to support the existence of this new household, by the way, the only one that was created in whole Europe at the seventeenth century. At the same time, it should also be remembered that during the reign of Felipe IV (1621-1665), the Etiquettes concerning the royal household were thoroughly codified in Madrid, so that the other Courts in the Monarchy could not have been oblivious to this development and became involved in the process, as was the case of Brussels.
It is in this context where we must situate the ellaboration of the manuscripts of Francisco Alonso Lozano that we present here. Between 1692 and 1712, he wrote two books: the first was called Plan ou Estat de la maison royale dans ces estats de flandres, in which he detailed the functions of each office, while the second, Notice de toutes les emplois de la cour et de la chapelle royale de Bruxelles, indicated the number of servants and the stipends and bouche of court that they received.
No doubt, we guess that these two manuscripts represents an invaluable
source to the knowledge of the seventeenth-century Court of Brussels,
comparable to what represent the Etiquetas Generales de Palacio for the
Court of Madrid.
Research Interests:
La decadencia de la Monarquía hispana siempre se ha identificado con el reinado de Felipe IV y ese proceso histórico se ha interpretado desde planteamientos prioritariamente económicos y desde un punto de vista castellano, insistiendo en... more
La decadencia de la Monarquía hispana siempre se ha identificado con el reinado de Felipe IV y ese proceso histórico se ha interpretado desde planteamientos prioritariamente económicos y desde un punto de vista castellano, insistiendo en el retroceso militar que experimentó en Europa. Para justificar esta evolución, los historiadores no han dudado en acusar al monarca de ser un personaje abúlico y amigo del placer y la diversión más que del trabajo, extrayendo tales características, incluso, del semblante con que aparece en los numerosos retratos que le hizo el gran Diego Velázquez. En nuestra opinión, la interpretación que se ha dado al reinado es simplista y unidimensional.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Publisher: Leuven University Press
Date: 2014
Date: 2014
Research Interests:
Publisher: Polifemo
Date: 2015
Date: 2015
Research Interests:
Publisher: Leuven University Press
Date: 2014
Date: 2014
Research Interests:
All over history, european Royal Sites have been deeply studied from different approaches. Nonetheless, those studies not always had taken into account every elements that composed these Royal Sites at Early Modern Times, as they mainly... more
All over history, european Royal Sites have been deeply studied from different approaches. Nonetheless, those studies not always had taken into account every elements that composed these Royal Sites at
Early Modern Times, as they mainly focused on buildings, artistic collections and heritage, paying some attention to royal hunt or urbanism. In this sense, numerous and crucial elements of these Royal Sites have been neglected, while we know that these places must be studied from a holistic point of view for its better comprenhension. Thanks to the methodological improvements that social sciences have been doing in lasts years, lately studies with new perspectives are appearing, which allows us to better comprenhend the true meaning of the Royal Sites during the period. This article intends to bring an approach on the advances we have nowadays over the study of the Royal Sites, as well as the role they played in the shape of the early modern european monarchies.
A lo largo del tiempo, los Sitios Reales europeos han sido profusamente estudiados desde varios puntos de vista. Sin embargo, dichos estudios no siempre han tenido en cuenta los diversos elementos que componían los Sitios Reales en la Edad Moderna, pues mayoritariamente se han centrado en los edificios y en sus colecciones artísticas y patrimonio, prestando en ocasiones algo de atención a la caza o el urbanismo. Esto ha provocado que numerosos y cruciales componentes de los Sitios Reales hayan sido olvidados, y no se haya tenido en cuenta que dichos lugares deben estudiarse desde un punto de vista global para su correcta comprensión. Gracias a los avances metodológicos de los últimos años, están apareciendo trabajos sobre dichos lugares desde nuevas perspectivas que nos ayudan a comprender mejor su verdadero significado durante el periodo. El presente artículo pretende ofrecer una aproximación sobre los avances que nos encontramos en la actualidad sobre el estudio de los Sitios Reales, así como el papel que jugaron en la configuración de las monarquías europeas de la Edad Moderna.
Early Modern Times, as they mainly focused on buildings, artistic collections and heritage, paying some attention to royal hunt or urbanism. In this sense, numerous and crucial elements of these Royal Sites have been neglected, while we know that these places must be studied from a holistic point of view for its better comprenhension. Thanks to the methodological improvements that social sciences have been doing in lasts years, lately studies with new perspectives are appearing, which allows us to better comprenhend the true meaning of the Royal Sites during the period. This article intends to bring an approach on the advances we have nowadays over the study of the Royal Sites, as well as the role they played in the shape of the early modern european monarchies.
A lo largo del tiempo, los Sitios Reales europeos han sido profusamente estudiados desde varios puntos de vista. Sin embargo, dichos estudios no siempre han tenido en cuenta los diversos elementos que componían los Sitios Reales en la Edad Moderna, pues mayoritariamente se han centrado en los edificios y en sus colecciones artísticas y patrimonio, prestando en ocasiones algo de atención a la caza o el urbanismo. Esto ha provocado que numerosos y cruciales componentes de los Sitios Reales hayan sido olvidados, y no se haya tenido en cuenta que dichos lugares deben estudiarse desde un punto de vista global para su correcta comprensión. Gracias a los avances metodológicos de los últimos años, están apareciendo trabajos sobre dichos lugares desde nuevas perspectivas que nos ayudan a comprender mejor su verdadero significado durante el periodo. El presente artículo pretende ofrecer una aproximación sobre los avances que nos encontramos en la actualidad sobre el estudio de los Sitios Reales, así como el papel que jugaron en la configuración de las monarquías europeas de la Edad Moderna.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Today, royal sites in Europe are often seen as the extravagant residences of royal families who lived isolated from society, an image created by historians and writers in the nineteenth century. Therefore, although there have been many... more
Today, royal sites in Europe are often seen as the extravagant residences of royal families who
lived isolated from society, an image created by historians and writers in the nineteenth
century. Therefore, although there have been many excellent studies of the buildings with
some attention to the tradition of royal hunts and urbanism, other spaces that developed
around them that were also crucial components of early modern royal sites have so far
been neglected. This article takes a more holistic approach to the study of these sites in
order to reconsider their role in the evolution of power and the construction of European
identities in the early modern period. By doing so, it brings a new approach to the study
of royal sites. In particular, this article examines the programme developed by the
Archdukes Albert and Isabella for the royal sites of the Habsburg Netherlands (modern
Belgium) and the ways in which they used them to give structure and cohesion to their
territories.
lived isolated from society, an image created by historians and writers in the nineteenth
century. Therefore, although there have been many excellent studies of the buildings with
some attention to the tradition of royal hunts and urbanism, other spaces that developed
around them that were also crucial components of early modern royal sites have so far
been neglected. This article takes a more holistic approach to the study of these sites in
order to reconsider their role in the evolution of power and the construction of European
identities in the early modern period. By doing so, it brings a new approach to the study
of royal sites. In particular, this article examines the programme developed by the
Archdukes Albert and Isabella for the royal sites of the Habsburg Netherlands (modern
Belgium) and the ways in which they used them to give structure and cohesion to their
territories.
Research Interests:
El presente artículo, constituye una introducción al número monográfico que sobre las Instituciones de los Antiguos Países Bajos publica la revista Philostrato. Revista de Historia y Arte. En el mismo, se analiza brevemente el tratamiento... more
El presente artículo, constituye una introducción al número monográfico que sobre las Instituciones de los Antiguos Países Bajos publica la revista Philostrato. Revista de Historia y Arte. En el mismo, se analiza brevemente el tratamiento historiográfico que las dichas instituciones han tenido desde el siglo pasado hasta nuestros días.
Research Interests:
Resumen: El sistema político cortesano alcanzaría su plenitud durante el siglo XVII, mediante la fijación institucional de sus diversos componentes, al tiempo que se potenciaba la vinculación entre los diversos elementos que componían el... more
Resumen: El sistema político cortesano alcanzaría su plenitud durante el siglo XVII, mediante la fijación institucional de sus diversos componentes, al tiempo que se potenciaba la vinculación entre los diversos elementos que componían el mismo (Casa Real, Consejos y
Tribunales, Cortesanos y Sitios Reales) y se configuraba de un modo más efectivo el espacio cortesano.
Este fue el caso de la Monarquía Hispana, en especial tras la quiebra del sistema generado por Carlos V, el cual estaba basado en que la Casa Real ejerciera como principal elemento integrador de las élites de los diversos reinos. Debido a ello, el reinado de Felipe IV se convirtió
en un desesperado intento por reconfigurar la Monarquía mediante el uso de diversas herramientas. Una de las principales fueron los Sitios Reales, ya que se incentivó la vinculación entre los mismos y el resto de la Corte, en especial con la Casa Real, pues diversos personajes
detentaron a partir de este momento, y al mismo tiempo, oficios en la Casa Real y en los Sitios Reales. Especialmente fructífera fue la relación entre la Guarda Real y los Sitios Reales, tal y como estudiamos en el presente artículo en dos de los principales territorios de la Monarquía,
como fueron Castilla y los Países Bajos.
Abstract: The court political system reached its peak during the seventeenth century, when its different elements (Royal Household, Councils, Courtiers and Royal Sites) were institutionally fixed, while the relation between these elements was increased, and the court space was fixed in a more effective way.
This was the case of the Spanish monarchy, especially after the breakdown of the system created by Charles V, which was based at the Royal Household as the main element destined to integrate the elites of the different kingdoms that composed the Monarchy. Due to this, Philip
IV´s reign consisted in a desperate search of how to recon figurate the Monarchy, through several tools. One of them were the Royal Sites, since the bonds between them and the rest of the Court were increased, especially with the Royal Household. Several courtiers had, after this
moment, and at the same time, offices at both the Royal Household and the Royal Sites.
Especially fruitful was the relation between the Royal Guard and the Royal Sites, as we study in this article in two of the main territories of the Monarchy, as were Castile and the Habsburg Netherlands.
Palabras clave: Espacio cortesano, Monarquía Hispana, Corte, Casa Real, Guardas Reales, Sitios Reales
Key words: Court space, Spanish monarchy, Court, Royal Household, Royal Guards, Royal Sites
Tribunales, Cortesanos y Sitios Reales) y se configuraba de un modo más efectivo el espacio cortesano.
Este fue el caso de la Monarquía Hispana, en especial tras la quiebra del sistema generado por Carlos V, el cual estaba basado en que la Casa Real ejerciera como principal elemento integrador de las élites de los diversos reinos. Debido a ello, el reinado de Felipe IV se convirtió
en un desesperado intento por reconfigurar la Monarquía mediante el uso de diversas herramientas. Una de las principales fueron los Sitios Reales, ya que se incentivó la vinculación entre los mismos y el resto de la Corte, en especial con la Casa Real, pues diversos personajes
detentaron a partir de este momento, y al mismo tiempo, oficios en la Casa Real y en los Sitios Reales. Especialmente fructífera fue la relación entre la Guarda Real y los Sitios Reales, tal y como estudiamos en el presente artículo en dos de los principales territorios de la Monarquía,
como fueron Castilla y los Países Bajos.
Abstract: The court political system reached its peak during the seventeenth century, when its different elements (Royal Household, Councils, Courtiers and Royal Sites) were institutionally fixed, while the relation between these elements was increased, and the court space was fixed in a more effective way.
This was the case of the Spanish monarchy, especially after the breakdown of the system created by Charles V, which was based at the Royal Household as the main element destined to integrate the elites of the different kingdoms that composed the Monarchy. Due to this, Philip
IV´s reign consisted in a desperate search of how to recon figurate the Monarchy, through several tools. One of them were the Royal Sites, since the bonds between them and the rest of the Court were increased, especially with the Royal Household. Several courtiers had, after this
moment, and at the same time, offices at both the Royal Household and the Royal Sites.
Especially fruitful was the relation between the Royal Guard and the Royal Sites, as we study in this article in two of the main territories of the Monarchy, as were Castile and the Habsburg Netherlands.
Palabras clave: Espacio cortesano, Monarquía Hispana, Corte, Casa Real, Guardas Reales, Sitios Reales
Key words: Court space, Spanish monarchy, Court, Royal Household, Royal Guards, Royal Sites
Research Interests:
The Royal Guards of the Spanish Habsburg kings played a fundamental role in the complex arrangements involved in managing the monarch’s public appearances, both within the court environment and outside it. Although the Stables were the... more
The Royal Guards of the Spanish Habsburg kings played a fundamental role in the complex arrangements involved in managing the monarch’s public appearances, both within the court environment and outside it. Although the Stables were the section of the Household most concerned with the prince’s exterior appearance and his image in the public sphere, the Royal Guard occupied a privileged position in such appearances. These appearances, moreover, were fundamental in the projection of the royal image because most of the Royal Household Protocol and ceremonies in which the monarch intervened took place inside the palace and therefore out of sight of the subjects. This function became increasingly important to every monarchy in the course of the Modern Age, not least to one of the most powerful in the world. Within the protocol, proximity to the king determined the importance of each corps in the Royal Household and therefore in the kingdom. This premise established the hierarchy of the different guard units, especially of their captains and lieutenants, so that the worst disputes arose from attempts to be as close to the monarch as possible, as will be examined in this article.
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The process of Confessionalization followed by Philip II was limited to the control of the ecclesiastical jurisdiction in his kingdoms and the justification of its politics for religious reasons. This attitude forced the papacy to follow... more
The process of Confessionalization followed by Philip II was limited to the control of the ecclesiastical jurisdiction in his kingdoms and the justification of its politics for religious reasons. This attitude forced the papacy to follow the political and religious interests of the Spanish monarchy during the second half of the XVIth century, albeit against its will. This politic was supported at the Spanish Court by the “castellanist” faction, headed by the IIId duke of Alba, which imposed its ideas over the contrary “ebolist” one around 1565. Due to this, Philip II decided that the “Gran Duque” was the adequate person to appease the complicated situation of the Habsburg Netherlands, imposing at those lands the ideas related with the Confessionalization that he supported and that Granvelle had started to apply. To achieve the objective, Alba used different tools, like the shape of the new bishoprics created by the Super Universas bull of 1559, the Conseils des Troubles, the imposition of the alcabala, the application of the tridentine decrees, the concesion of rewards or the Perdón General. Nonetheless, as we know, this politic was a fiasco, because Alba was not able to obtain enough supports neither at the Brussels Court nor at the Madrid one.
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Los Reales Sitios españoles, hasta la fecha, han sido estudiados únicamente desde un punto de vista artístico y en su función de descanso y divertimento de los monarcas y de su familia. Sin embargo, desde la metodología de los estudios de... more
Los Reales Sitios españoles, hasta la fecha, han sido estudiados únicamente desde un punto de vista artístico y en su función de descanso y divertimento de los monarcas y de su familia. Sin embargo, desde la metodología de los estudios de la Corte, tales lugares cobran un significado mucho más relevante y se sitúan en el contexto de la formación y evolución de la organización política de la Monarquía Hispana.
El presente artículo pretende profundizar en dicha línea mediante el estudio de uno de los principales oficios de dichos Sitios Reales, como era el de los capellanes, en especial por el papel que dichos lugares jugaron desde época de Felipe II en el Confesionalismo que el “Rey Prudente” pretendió implantar en la Monarquía Hispana. Sin duda, los capellanes de los Sitios Reales tuvieron un notable papel en este aspecto, al acercar a los habitantes de dichos lugares la ideología que se pretendía implantar desde la Capilla Real. Para ello, debían tener un perfil y una carrera determinados, recibiendo diversas prebendas si cumplían a satisfacción las misiones que se les encomendaban, aspectos todos ellos que se abordan en este estudio para el reinado de Felipe IV.
El presente artículo pretende profundizar en dicha línea mediante el estudio de uno de los principales oficios de dichos Sitios Reales, como era el de los capellanes, en especial por el papel que dichos lugares jugaron desde época de Felipe II en el Confesionalismo que el “Rey Prudente” pretendió implantar en la Monarquía Hispana. Sin duda, los capellanes de los Sitios Reales tuvieron un notable papel en este aspecto, al acercar a los habitantes de dichos lugares la ideología que se pretendía implantar desde la Capilla Real. Para ello, debían tener un perfil y una carrera determinados, recibiendo diversas prebendas si cumplían a satisfacción las misiones que se les encomendaban, aspectos todos ellos que se abordan en este estudio para el reinado de Felipe IV.
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Comparative Review Dries Raeymaekers, One foot in the palace. The Habsburg court of Brussels and the politics of access in the reign of Albert and Isabella, 1598-1621 (Leuven: Leuven University Press, 2013, xviii + pp. 366, ill., index);... more
Comparative Review Dries Raeymaekers, One foot in the palace. The Habsburg court of Brussels and the politics of access in the reign of Albert and Isabella, 1598-1621 (Leuven: Leuven University Press, 2013, xviii + pp. 366, ill., index); Nadine Akkerman and Birgit Houben, ed., The politics of female households. Ladies-in-waiting across early modern Europe (Leiden: Brill, 2013, xx + 421, index).
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El autor nos adentra en los diferentes Cuerpos de Guarda encargados de custodiar a los Soberanos desde la Antigüedad hasta el reinado de Felipe V, Monarca que unificó estos cuerpos (Monteros de Espinosa, Guarda tudesca y Guarda española,... more
El autor nos adentra en los diferentes Cuerpos de Guarda encargados de custodiar a los Soberanos desde la Antigüedad hasta el reinado de Felipe V, Monarca que unificó estos cuerpos (Monteros de Espinosa, Guarda tudesca y Guarda española, entre otras Unidades) para convertirlos en verdaderas tropas de élite: la Unidad de Alabarderos y el Real Cuerpo de Guardias de Corps.
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Prince Philip of Spain’s first official journey through his hereditary lands was of momentous importance to the development of royal Spanish etiquette, or so it is commonly believed. The Royal Household of the Spanish kings was ruled in a... more
Prince Philip of Spain’s first official journey through his hereditary lands was of momentous importance to the development of royal Spanish etiquette, or so it is commonly believed.
The Royal Household of the Spanish kings was ruled in a consuetudinary way during the 16th century, with different partial instructions and ordinances for specific offices. They developed in a convoluted way. The Household of Castile, for instance, received a real compilation of Etiquettes no earlier than 1575, when Philip II put the household of his fourth wife, Anne of Austria, in order, and only in 1651 a “definitive” version was elaborated for the entire Royal Household. The first attempt to compile those norms was achieved under Charles V, supposedly in a clear break with historic precedent. Especially relevant were the ordinances of his son´s, Prince Philip’s household, first in the Castilian way, in 1535, and then, in 1548, in the Burgundian manner, for the Felicissimo Viaje. But was it exactly like this, as most of the authors have explained to us?
We believe that these types of document, and specially their application to events such as the Viaje, must be studied within a broader perspective, taking into account the different influences on the ceremonial of the Spanish court at that moment. For example, if we consider the different offices described in the instructions of 1548, we realize that some of them were duplicated (Castile-Burgundy) and even that the different areas of the service of the prince were divided between both ceremonials: the Royal Stables, the Chamber and the Royal Table (those closest to the prince, in effect) were predominantly Burgundian, while offices related with the contact with the territories and kingdoms that were going to be visited, were established in the Castilian manner.
In this paper, we will analyse the different services of Emperor Charles V and Prince Philip during the years of the Felicissimo Viaje (specially the offices related with the ceremonial), the mixture of ceremonial traditions that converged on them, and the way that they acted during the journey.
The Royal Household of the Spanish kings was ruled in a consuetudinary way during the 16th century, with different partial instructions and ordinances for specific offices. They developed in a convoluted way. The Household of Castile, for instance, received a real compilation of Etiquettes no earlier than 1575, when Philip II put the household of his fourth wife, Anne of Austria, in order, and only in 1651 a “definitive” version was elaborated for the entire Royal Household. The first attempt to compile those norms was achieved under Charles V, supposedly in a clear break with historic precedent. Especially relevant were the ordinances of his son´s, Prince Philip’s household, first in the Castilian way, in 1535, and then, in 1548, in the Burgundian manner, for the Felicissimo Viaje. But was it exactly like this, as most of the authors have explained to us?
We believe that these types of document, and specially their application to events such as the Viaje, must be studied within a broader perspective, taking into account the different influences on the ceremonial of the Spanish court at that moment. For example, if we consider the different offices described in the instructions of 1548, we realize that some of them were duplicated (Castile-Burgundy) and even that the different areas of the service of the prince were divided between both ceremonials: the Royal Stables, the Chamber and the Royal Table (those closest to the prince, in effect) were predominantly Burgundian, while offices related with the contact with the territories and kingdoms that were going to be visited, were established in the Castilian manner.
In this paper, we will analyse the different services of Emperor Charles V and Prince Philip during the years of the Felicissimo Viaje (specially the offices related with the ceremonial), the mixture of ceremonial traditions that converged on them, and the way that they acted during the journey.
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Evolución de los diferentes tipos de guarda durante el reinado de Felipe IV
Research Interests: Military History, Early Modern History, História Moderna, Monarquía Hispánica, Historia Militar, and 5 moreSpanish Monarchy, Historia Moderna, Historia Moderna De España, European Royal Households, and Casa Real De Castilla. Corte Real Bajomedieval. Oficiales Regios. Vida Y Cultura Curial. Cancillería Real. Prosopografía. Fuentes Documentales.
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En J. MARTÍNEZ MILLÁN, M. RIVERO RODRÍGUEZ y G. VERSTEEGEN (Coords.), La Corte en Europa: Política y Religión (s. XVI-XVIII), Madrid, Polifemo, 2012, pp. 257-304
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Following on the conference “Building the Presence of the Prince” held in Utrecht in November of 2019 , this international symposium aims to reunite experts from different historiographical fields (History, Art History, Architectural... more
Following on the conference “Building the Presence of the Prince” held in Utrecht in November of 2019 , this international symposium aims to reunite experts from different historiographical fields (History, Art History, Architectural History and Political Thought), with the objective of developing a comparative analysis on the way royal spaces were maintained from a transnational and diachronic (14th–19th century) perspective. The chronological framework of this symposium is consciously that of “long duration”, allowing thus the examination of issues dealing with maintenance from the birth of the royal geography and its developments until the 19th century when royal places and spaces have been transformed into national heritage sites, when as a consequence focus shifted to conservation and restorations.
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Nowadays the rulers’ residences and convents (Royal Sites) are often seen by the general public as the curious dwellings of royal families, who lived isolated from society. However, such places were not only built for pleasure, but they... more
Nowadays the rulers’ residences and convents (Royal Sites) are often seen by the general public as the curious dwellings of royal families, who lived isolated from society. However, such places were not only built for pleasure, but they belonged to a larger network of buildings and estates that together played an important role in the ruler’s administration. Apart from palaces, these domains often comprised forests, agricultural lands, watercourses and ponds, as well as defence works and industrial
and commercial buildings such as mills, tollhouses, and factories. From the Middle Ages onwards, these networks of sites became increasingly important for the consolidation of the sovereign’s power, playing a key role in the promotion of their rule. To improve control over their domanial buildings and to ensure their upkeep,
rulers set up permanent administrative bodies entrusted with their management. In principle, the centralization of their building management was a financial reform, however this reform should also be considered within the context of the expansion of the sovereign’s presence throughout the realm.
These building administrations have not been yet compared systematically, and it remains unclear to what extent such centralized bodies developed autonomously, responding to local conditions and requirements, or were part of international developments facilitated by the close networks of the European courts.
This symposium brings together scholars from various disciplines as a first attempt to compare these institutions on a pan-European scale from the late Middle Ages up to the end of the 17th century. It aims to investigate the relationships between the local idiosyncrasies of these organisations and their shared European characteristics. It addresses from a multidisciplinary perspective questions concerning the nature of such administrations, their purpose, organisational structure, and judicial
status, as well as their role in the formation of the state.
and commercial buildings such as mills, tollhouses, and factories. From the Middle Ages onwards, these networks of sites became increasingly important for the consolidation of the sovereign’s power, playing a key role in the promotion of their rule. To improve control over their domanial buildings and to ensure their upkeep,
rulers set up permanent administrative bodies entrusted with their management. In principle, the centralization of their building management was a financial reform, however this reform should also be considered within the context of the expansion of the sovereign’s presence throughout the realm.
These building administrations have not been yet compared systematically, and it remains unclear to what extent such centralized bodies developed autonomously, responding to local conditions and requirements, or were part of international developments facilitated by the close networks of the European courts.
This symposium brings together scholars from various disciplines as a first attempt to compare these institutions on a pan-European scale from the late Middle Ages up to the end of the 17th century. It aims to investigate the relationships between the local idiosyncrasies of these organisations and their shared European characteristics. It addresses from a multidisciplinary perspective questions concerning the nature of such administrations, their purpose, organisational structure, and judicial
status, as well as their role in the formation of the state.
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Durante el siglo XVIII, la Corte fue cuestionada y criticada al tiempo que surgía la idea de nación y nacía la cultura burguesa o nacional. Esta nueva forma de ver el mundo, la cultura conllevó, obviamente, un nuevo tipo de ciudad, y... more
Durante el siglo XVIII, la Corte fue cuestionada y criticada al tiempo que surgía la idea de nación y nacía la cultura burguesa o nacional. Esta nueva forma de ver el mundo, la cultura conllevó, obviamente, un nuevo tipo de ciudad, y entre las ciudades, la utopía urbana de la capital. El término “civilización” estuvo estrechamente unido al de “progreso”. Ambos términos, reflejaban la conciencia de un cometido particular de Europa en la evolución de la humanidad, cometido al que habría llegado gracias a los adelantos del comercio, la industria, la imprenta y, en definitiva, al avance de las ciencias y de las artes. En el siglo XVIII este progreso aún se pensaba dentro de un modelo cortesano de Monarquía, en el que la filosofía práctica clásica aún estaba presente en la forma de despotismo o absolutismo ilustrado.
En 1749, Rousseau escribió su ensayo Si el progreso de las ciencias las artes ha contribuido a corromper o mejorar las costumbres, que no solo se limitó a negar que el progreso de las artes y de las ciencias mejoran la moral, sino que además afirmó todo lo contrario, que tal progreso siempre conduce a la corrupción moral. Esta inversión de los valores naturales en la sociedad había provocado la sustitución de la realidad por la apariencia. Al hombre moderno, al cortesano, no le importaba lo que era, sino lo que parecía ser. La apariencia no mostraba lo que el hombre era, sino encubría su naturaleza original. El hombre se había alienado de su propio ser y había adquirido un ser artificial. Las artes y las ciencias necesitaban para florecer una atmósfera de lujo y de ocio; surgían, en realidad, de vicios del alma. La sociedad dominada por las artes y ciencias estaba llena de desigualdad, de corrupción. Para Rousseau era preciso dar fin a esa cultura. Era el momento de un nuevo orden y un nuevo hombre, el ciudadano.
En 1749, Rousseau escribió su ensayo Si el progreso de las ciencias las artes ha contribuido a corromper o mejorar las costumbres, que no solo se limitó a negar que el progreso de las artes y de las ciencias mejoran la moral, sino que además afirmó todo lo contrario, que tal progreso siempre conduce a la corrupción moral. Esta inversión de los valores naturales en la sociedad había provocado la sustitución de la realidad por la apariencia. Al hombre moderno, al cortesano, no le importaba lo que era, sino lo que parecía ser. La apariencia no mostraba lo que el hombre era, sino encubría su naturaleza original. El hombre se había alienado de su propio ser y había adquirido un ser artificial. Las artes y las ciencias necesitaban para florecer una atmósfera de lujo y de ocio; surgían, en realidad, de vicios del alma. La sociedad dominada por las artes y ciencias estaba llena de desigualdad, de corrupción. Para Rousseau era preciso dar fin a esa cultura. Era el momento de un nuevo orden y un nuevo hombre, el ciudadano.
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submission deadline: 1 May 2018. Participants are asked to send the title, a short curriculum and a summary in maximum 250 words. A selection of the presented papers will be published prior peer review.
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Spanish royal sites were a diverse and global network in early modern World making royal power visible and effectual. They expanded to other territory intermittently under Spanish rule beyond the Iberian Peninsula such as the Duchy of... more
Spanish royal sites were a diverse and global network in early modern World making royal power visible and effectual. They expanded to other territory intermittently under Spanish rule beyond the Iberian Peninsula such as the Duchy of Milan, the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily, the ten southernmost provinces of the Netherlands and the viceroyalties in America. They consisted of royal palaces and their affiliated landscapes such as forests, gardens, rural and urban centres, farms and factories. They were not only centres of administration, but also centres of innovation in culture, taste and technology. In this way, they were points for the transfer of knowledge, people and goods affording expansion and growth of the market place.
This symposium will investigate these centres as international geographies. The term ‘geography’ manifests our interest in the way the physicality of spaces and landscapes was acted upon and produced through cultural practices. This interlacing of physical and human agency is naturally wide-ranking and encompasses image-making, architectural, agricultural and administrative processes. Moreover, the religious geographies in Habsburg territories were particularly complex given that courtly forms of piety were coloured by local customs and traditions.
How were these royal geographies imagined and described? In what way do they activate histories and memories thus constructing loci of myth? How do they challenge existing interpretations of the boundaries between confessional identities and political solidarities? How do they help us to re-think the divisions between centres and peripheries of Habsburg power as kinetic and embodied spaces? For example, royal geographies beyond the kingdom of Castille within the Iberian Peninsula were ever more tightly interlinked with Madrid under Philip III and Philip IV when their respective favourites, the First Duke of Lerma and the Count-Duke of Olivares, were appointed as governors of the royal palaces in Castille and Andalusia and assumed authority over the Junta de Obras y Bosques, a committee set up by Philip II to manage the construction program of royal residences and palaces.
This workshop aims to reunite experts in this field, all from different disciplines (History of Art, History, History of Architecture, and Political Thought), with the objective of developing a comparative perspective on the complexities of royal geographies in a trans-national context. This symposium is a collaboration of the History of Art Department and CREMS (Centre for Renaissance and Early Modern Studies) at the University of York, the University of Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid (URJC), and the University Institute ‘La Corte en Europa’ (IULCE ) of the Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM).
This symposium will investigate these centres as international geographies. The term ‘geography’ manifests our interest in the way the physicality of spaces and landscapes was acted upon and produced through cultural practices. This interlacing of physical and human agency is naturally wide-ranking and encompasses image-making, architectural, agricultural and administrative processes. Moreover, the religious geographies in Habsburg territories were particularly complex given that courtly forms of piety were coloured by local customs and traditions.
How were these royal geographies imagined and described? In what way do they activate histories and memories thus constructing loci of myth? How do they challenge existing interpretations of the boundaries between confessional identities and political solidarities? How do they help us to re-think the divisions between centres and peripheries of Habsburg power as kinetic and embodied spaces? For example, royal geographies beyond the kingdom of Castille within the Iberian Peninsula were ever more tightly interlinked with Madrid under Philip III and Philip IV when their respective favourites, the First Duke of Lerma and the Count-Duke of Olivares, were appointed as governors of the royal palaces in Castille and Andalusia and assumed authority over the Junta de Obras y Bosques, a committee set up by Philip II to manage the construction program of royal residences and palaces.
This workshop aims to reunite experts in this field, all from different disciplines (History of Art, History, History of Architecture, and Political Thought), with the objective of developing a comparative perspective on the complexities of royal geographies in a trans-national context. This symposium is a collaboration of the History of Art Department and CREMS (Centre for Renaissance and Early Modern Studies) at the University of York, the University of Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid (URJC), and the University Institute ‘La Corte en Europa’ (IULCE ) of the Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM).
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Since the 1970s the institutional history of the Habsburg Low Countries has regained the interest of historians, chief among them Professor Hugo de Schepper, whose prize-winning dissertation on the ‘Collateral Councils’ in the period... more
Since the 1970s the institutional history of the Habsburg Low Countries has regained the interest of historians, chief among them Professor Hugo de Schepper, whose prize-winning dissertation on the ‘Collateral Councils’ in the period 1579-1609 has influenced a generation of younger scholars. Professor de Schepper was one of the participants of the first Hispanic-Dutch Conference in 1984 and the organizer of the third one in 1988, which was followed by five more editions. As of 2002, Belgian historians were invited to participate as well.
This conference intends to continue the tradition of the Hispanic-Dutch-Belgian meetings and will bring together a number of established and early-career researchers working in the field of the institutional history of the Habsburg Low Countries from the 16th to the 18th centuries. It aims to draw attention to a broad range of political, cultural, religious, legal, and military institutions by focussing on the enriching approaches that have shaped historical research on institutional history in the past few decades. At the same time, it hopes to bring into the limelight some exciting new (and often interdisciplinary) perspectives that characterize current research in the field.
The conference will be held in honour of Prof. De Schepper at his last home institution, Radboud University of Nijmegen. Prof. De Schepper is currently in the process of revising and updating his doctoral dissertation, which will be published by the Royal Academy of Belgium in 2016/2017.
This conference intends to continue the tradition of the Hispanic-Dutch-Belgian meetings and will bring together a number of established and early-career researchers working in the field of the institutional history of the Habsburg Low Countries from the 16th to the 18th centuries. It aims to draw attention to a broad range of political, cultural, religious, legal, and military institutions by focussing on the enriching approaches that have shaped historical research on institutional history in the past few decades. At the same time, it hopes to bring into the limelight some exciting new (and often interdisciplinary) perspectives that characterize current research in the field.
The conference will be held in honour of Prof. De Schepper at his last home institution, Radboud University of Nijmegen. Prof. De Schepper is currently in the process of revising and updating his doctoral dissertation, which will be published by the Royal Academy of Belgium in 2016/2017.
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Program of the Congress / Programa del Congreso
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Since the 1970s the institutional history of the Habsburg Low Countries has regained the interest of historians, chief among them Professor Hugo de Schepper, whose dissertation on the ‘Collateral Councils’ in the period 1579-1609 has... more
Since the 1970s the institutional history of the Habsburg Low Countries has regained the interest of historians, chief among them Professor Hugo de Schepper, whose dissertation on the ‘Collateral Councils’ in the period 1579-1609 has influenced a generation of younger scholars. Professor De Schepper was also one of the organizers of the first Hispanic-Dutch Conference in 1984, which was followed by six more editions and included Belgian historians in the last meeting of 2007.
This conference intends to continue the tradition of the Hispanic-Dutch-Belgian meetings and will bring together a number of established and early-career researchers working in the field of the institutional history of the Habsburg Low Countries from the 16th to the 18th century. It aims to draw attention to a broad range of political, economic, religious and cultural institutions by focussing on the enriching approaches that have shaped historical research on institutional history in the past few decades. At the same time, it hopes to bring into the limelight some exciting new (and often interdisciplinary) perspectives that characterize current research in the field.
The conference will be held in honour of Prof. De Schepper at his former home institution, the University of Nijmegen (currently Radboud University). Prof. De Schepper is currently in the process of revising and updating his doctoral dissertation, which will be published by the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium in 2016 and will be presented to the audience by the author himself.
This conference intends to continue the tradition of the Hispanic-Dutch-Belgian meetings and will bring together a number of established and early-career researchers working in the field of the institutional history of the Habsburg Low Countries from the 16th to the 18th century. It aims to draw attention to a broad range of political, economic, religious and cultural institutions by focussing on the enriching approaches that have shaped historical research on institutional history in the past few decades. At the same time, it hopes to bring into the limelight some exciting new (and often interdisciplinary) perspectives that characterize current research in the field.
The conference will be held in honour of Prof. De Schepper at his former home institution, the University of Nijmegen (currently Radboud University). Prof. De Schepper is currently in the process of revising and updating his doctoral dissertation, which will be published by the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium in 2016 and will be presented to the audience by the author himself.
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La Monarquía Española consolidó su organización y estructura durante el siglo XVI. Al acabar el siglo se describía como una entidad política plural, un conglomerado de reinos articulados políticamente pero independientes los unos de los... more
La Monarquía Española consolidó su organización y estructura durante el siglo XVI. Al acabar el siglo se describía como una entidad política plural, un conglomerado de reinos articulados políticamente pero independientes los unos de los otros; los reinos de Aragón, Cerdeña, Mallorca, Nápoles, Navarra, Perú, Nueva España, Portugal, Sicilia y Valencia, así como el principado de Cataluña, fueron gobernados por virreyes. En esta categoría podrían añadirse, además, a los gobernadores de Milán y de los Países Bajos. Todos ellos eran alter ego, otro yo, del soberano y gobernaban los territorios en su nombre. Duplicar la persona del rey puede ser una forma original de salvar las dificultades que plantea la distancia pero, en un conjunto de territorios que no tenían más identidad común que la de tener a un mismo soberano y profesar la misma confesión, el gobierno de lugares tan distantes debía articularse y coordinarse para evitar la quiebra del sistema. La monarchie hispanique consolida son organisation et sa structure au long du xvi e siècle. À la fin du siècle, on la décrivait comme une entité politique plurielle, un conglomérat de royaumes politiquement articulés, mais indépendants les uns des autres : les royaumes d'Aragon, Sardaigne, Nouvelle Espagne, Naples, Majorque, Navarre, Pérou, Portugal, Sicile et Valence, ainsi que le principat de Catalogne, étaient gouvernés par des vice-rois. À cette catégorie, on peut ajouter les gouverneurs de Milan et des Pays-Bas. Ils étaient tous des alter ego, un autre moi du souverain, et ils gouvernaient les territoires en son nom. Dupliquer la personne du roi était une façon originale de répondre aux difficultés posées par la distance. Toutefois, dans un ensemble de territoires qui n'avaient pour seule identité commune qu'un même souverain et une même confession, le gouvernement de lieux si éloignés devait s'articuler et se coordonner pour éviter la rupture du système.
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Instituto Moll. Center for research in Flemish Painting in Spain organizes together with the Leiden University and the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos the international conference “Magnificence in the 17th Century. Performing Splendour in... more
Instituto Moll. Center for research in Flemish Painting in Spain organizes together with the Leiden University and the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos the international conference “Magnificence in the 17th Century. Performing Splendour in Catholic and Protestant Contexts”, which will be celebrated on 7, 8 and 9 March 2019 in Madrid. The meeting will bring together more than 30 researchers from different European universities and institutions.
The conference reflects on the performance of the virtue of magnificence, defined by Aristotle as “a fitting expenditure involving largeness of scale”. The magnificent man had to spend according to the circumstances avoiding the vicious extremes of avarice and extravagance. Performing magnificence, therefore, was extremely difficult and was compared by Aristotle to the artistic process of creating a true work of art.
Along eight sessions, focused on ethics, politics, theatre, architecture, court ballet, painting and festivities, the conference participants will discuss how this virtue was expressed in 17th century Catholic and Protestant contexts.
The conference takes place on 7 March at the Fundación Mapfre (Paseo de Recoletos 23) and on 8-9 March at the campus of the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Calle Quintana 21).
Publication Name: Magnificence in the 17th Century. Performing Splendour in Catholic and Protestant Contexts
The conference reflects on the performance of the virtue of magnificence, defined by Aristotle as “a fitting expenditure involving largeness of scale”. The magnificent man had to spend according to the circumstances avoiding the vicious extremes of avarice and extravagance. Performing magnificence, therefore, was extremely difficult and was compared by Aristotle to the artistic process of creating a true work of art.
Along eight sessions, focused on ethics, politics, theatre, architecture, court ballet, painting and festivities, the conference participants will discuss how this virtue was expressed in 17th century Catholic and Protestant contexts.
The conference takes place on 7 March at the Fundación Mapfre (Paseo de Recoletos 23) and on 8-9 March at the campus of the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Calle Quintana 21).
Publication Name: Magnificence in the 17th Century. Performing Splendour in Catholic and Protestant Contexts